leipoa - Synonyms for leipoa | Synonyms Of leipoa

Examples of "leipoa"
The malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata") is a stocky ground-dwelling Australian bird about the size of a domestic chicken (to which it is distantly related). They are notable for the large nesting mounds constructed by the males and lack of parental care after the chicks hatch. It is the only living representative of the genus "Leipoa", though the extinct giant malleefowl was a close relative.
Leipoa is a genus of mound-building birds in the megapode family. It contains two species both endemic to Australia, one of which is extinct.
Wildlife of the area includes large numbers of lizards, ants, and honeyeater birds (especially of the "Lichenostomus" and "Meliphaga" genera). Lizards include species of skink (especially of "Ctenotus", "Egernia", and "Lerista" genera). Ants include species of "Iridomyrmex", carpenter ants, and "Melophorus". Endangered species include the black-eared miner bird ("Manorina melanotis") and the malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata").
The giant malleefowl ("Leipoa gallinacea") is an extinct megapode that was native to Australia. It was described from Plio-Pleistocene deposits at the Darling Downs and Chinchilla in south-east Queensland by Charles De Vis, who erected the genus "Progura" for it. Material referrable to the species has also been collected from South Australia and from Wellington Valley and the Wombeyan Caves of New South Wales.
It also supports a number of rare or endangered fauna, including the mammals western quoll ("Dasyurus geoffroii") and dibbler ("Parantechinus apicalis"); the birds short-billed black-cockatoo ("Calyptorhynchus latirostris"), slender-billed thornbill ("Acanthiza iredalei iredalei"), malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata"), western whipbird ("Psophodes nigrogularis"), crested shrike-tit ("Falcunculus frontatus") and hooded plover ("Charadrius rubricollis"); and the carpet python ("Morelia spilota"). Coastal areas are also visited by the shy albatross ("Thalassarche cauta"), the Australian sea lion ("Neophoca cinerea") and the southern right whale ("Eubalaena australis").
Comparison of Australian megapodes showed that "Progura" was closely related to the living malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata"), though the fossil species "gallinacea" was considerably larger than the living one. A second species, "P. naracoortensis", was described in 1974 by van Tets from deposits in the Naracoorte Caves of south-eastern South Australia indicating differing size and leg proportions. It is now considered a synonym of "L. gallinacea", which was evidently sexually dimorphic.
The woodland's position on the transition zone between the wheatbelt and the jarrah forest determines amphibian populations, with several species existing at the eastern or western limits of their range. Herpetofauna includes the western marsh frog (or golden flecked burrowing frog, "Heleioporus barycragus") which is generally restricted to the western Darling Range. There are at least 98 species of bird in the woodland, including the almost flightless malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata").
The area is rich in bird species with 130 being confirmed and a further concentration of 12 species within mallee habitat. Current records raise the total number of bird species present in the area up to 162. All recorded bird species are listed as protected in NSW; of these 11 are protected and 1 endangered and 4 recognised nationally. Notable species include malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata"), red-lored whistler ("Pachycephala rufogularis"), grey falcon ("Falco hypoleucos"), pink cockatoo ("Lophochroa leadbeateri") and striated grass wren ("Amytornis striatus").
The purpose of the reserve is the protection of "Listed Critical Habitat" for the bird species, black-eared miner, in conjunction with both the Taylorville Station reserve and the Gluepot Reserve. The reserve along with the Taylorville Station reserve is reported as being "important for the conservation of the nationally vulnerable malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata"), the regionally vulnerable bush stone-curlew ("Burhinus grallarius") and the nationally vulnerable southern bell frog ("Litoria ramiformis")." The reserve is also reported as being one of the "key components of the Riverland (formerly Bookmark) Biosphere Reserve."
The purpose of the reserve is the protection of "Listed Critical Habitat" for the bird species, black-eared miner, in conjunction with both the Calperum Station reserve and the Gluepot Reserve. The reserve along with the Calperum Station reserve is reported as being "important for the conservation of the nationally vulnerable malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata"), the regionally vulnerable bush stone-curlew ("Burhinus grallarius") and the nationally vulnerable southern bell frog ("Litoria ramiformis")." The reserve is also reported as being one of the "key components of the Riverland (formerly Bookmark) Biosphere Reserve."
Some of the mammals found in the Great Western Woodlands region include the greater long-eared bat ("Nyctophilus timoriensis"), western brush wallaby ("Macropus irma"), red-tailed phascogale ("Phascogale calura"), and the western quoll or chuditch ("Dasyurus geoffroii"). Some of the reptiles found in the region include the carpet python ("Morelia spilt imbricata"), the western bearded dragon ("Pogona minor minima"), and the common slender blue tongue ("Cyclodomorphus branchialis"). Birds found in the region include the Australian bustard ("Ardeotis australis"), the bush stone-curlew ("Burins grallarius"), Carnaby’s cockatoo ("Calyptorhynchus latirostris"), and the malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata").
These grasslands are the western limit for much of the wildlife that lives here as further west is desert. Wildlife of the savanna includes mammals such as the mouse-like kultarr marsupial ("Antechinomys laniger"), tiger quoll ("Dasyurus maculatus"), and brush-tailed rock-wallaby ("Petrogale penicillata"). The western barred bandicoot ("Perameles bougainville fasciata") and bridled nail-tail wallaby that once lived here are now presumed extinct in New South Wales. Birds include the endangered bush stone-curlew ("Burhinus grallarius"), superb parrot ("Polytelis swainsonii"), red goshawk ("Erythrotriorchis radiatus"), malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata") and plains-wanderer ("Pedionomus torquatus"), and reptiles include an endangered skink "Anomalopus mackayi". The Riverina grasslands are home to birds such as the freckled duck, and wintering populations of swift parrot ("Lathamus discolor").
A number of declining eastern woodland birds also occur, including the hooded robin ("Melanodryas cucullata cucullata"), grey-crowned babbler ("Pomatostomus temporalis temporalis") and black-chinned honeyeater ("Melithreptus gularis gularis"). The painted honeyeater ("Grantiella picta") is often present in spring. Autumn and winter flowering eucalypts, especially mugga ironbark, occasionally attract the endangered swift parrot ("Lathamus discolor"), and on rare occasions regent honeyeaters ("Xanthomyza phrygia"). Malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata") were once present at Ingalba and Big Bush Nature Reserves, but individuals or active breeding mounds have not been observed for over twenty years and it is considered to be locally extinct. Seven amphibians, 12 reptiles, 16 mammals (including 8 species of bats) and 164 native bird species have been recorded from the reserves (NPWS Wildlife Atlas).
The second concern regarding threats comes from predation and encroachment of introduced species. Predation threats for the native species are a result of the feeding habits of the introduce feral animals. Both feral dogs and cats, for instance, pose threats to animal species within the reserve. Feral cat and fox predation on bird species is of particular concern for ground dwelling and nesting birds. Examples of the bird species that are vulnerable include; red-lored whistler ("Pachycephala rufogularis"), malleefowl ("Leipoa ocellata") and striated grass wren ("Amytornis striatus"). Goats and rabbit species pose a risk to both the plant and animal communities through overgrazing and species competition. This is a raised concern where native animals may rely on a specific habitat such as the malleefowl. Competition, overgrazing and habitat destruction also comes from the three kangaroo species present within the reserve.
Sadly, species such as "Leipoa ocellata" (malleefowl), "Pachycephala inorta" (Gilbert's whistler), "Drymodes superciliaris" (southern scrub robin) and "Falcunculus frontatus" (crested shrike-tit) have become extinct from the Reserve in the past 30 years; the last crested shrike-tit banded in the reserve was in 1997. The disappearance of the malleefowl not only in the Reserve but the surrounding region is due to a number of pressures; these include predation by "Vulpes vulpes" (red fox) and "Felis catus" (cat), fragmentation and loss of habitat, isolation, competition and degradation of habitat by domestic livestock and introduced vertebrates such as "Oryctolagus cuniculus" (European rabbit) and "Capra hircu" (goat). More recently the Reserve’s long-term bird monitoring study has recorded a decline in species that were previously abundant or regular visitors to the Reserve, this includes species such as the "Pomatostomus temporalis" (grey-crowned babbler), "Hylacola cauta" (shy heath wren), "Stagonopleura guttata" (diamond firetail), and "Eopsaltria griseogularis" (eastern yellow robin)
A focus within the park has been the protection of the Malleefowl (Leipoa ocellata), a native bird species that originally inhabited much of the natural mallee environment. Malleefowl are easy prey for common predators such as foxes and feral cats and are now only found at a handful of sites across Australia, including Ferries McDonald (CP). Malleefowl are listed as vulnerable nationally but are critically endangered in the Northern Territory and Western Australia. Ferries McDonald Conservation Park is home to a small population of Malleefowl that is closely monitored by the National Malleefowl Recovery Team (NMRT) and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR). Biological surveys of the area reveal fluctuating records of sightings and mound activity from year to year. Combined efforts between the National Malleefowl Recovery Team (NMRT) and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) track Malleefowl progress as well as protect and manage multiple aspects of the park. Practices include fire management, revegetation and feral control.
One type of philopatry is "breeding philopatry", or "breeding-site fidelity", and involves an individual, pair, or colony returning to the same location to breed, year after year. Among animals that are largely sedentary, breeding-site philopatry is common. It is advantageous to reuse a breeding site, as there may be territorial competition outside of the individual’s home range, and since the area evidently meets the requirements of breeding. Such advantages are compounded among species that invest heavily in the construction of a nest or associated courtship area. For example, the megapodes (large, ground-dwelling birds such as the Australian malleefowl, "Leipoa ocellata") construct a large mound of vegetation and soil or sand to lay their eggs in. Megapodes often reuse the same mound for many years, only abandoning it when it is damaged beyond repair, or due to disturbance. Nest fidelity is highly beneficial as reproducing is time and energy consuming (malleefowl will tend a mound for five to six months per year). In colonial seabirds, it has been shown that nest fidelity depends on multi-scale information, including the breeding success of the focal breeding pair, the average breeding success of the rest of the colony, and the interaction of these two scales.